HORB am Neckar (1) incorporating Dettensee (2), Mühlen (3), Mühringen (4), Nordstetten (5) and Rexingen (6). 48°26' N, 08°41' E, 32 miles SW of Stuttgart, in Landkreis Freudenstadt, S Nordschwarzwald. Jewish population: 134 (in 1900), 100 (in 1933). Horb am Neckar is a town in SW Baden-Württemberg on the Neckar River between Offenburg to the west (35 mi) and Tübingen to the east (18 mi). 18 associated villages and districts form part of the municipality. Jewish population: 134 (in 1900), 100 (in 1933). Wikipedia: Localities are Ahldorf, Altheim, Betra, Bildechingen, Bittelbronn, Dettensee, Dettingen, Dettlingen, Dießen, Grünmettstetten, Ihlingen, Isenburg, Mühlen, Mühringen, Nordstetten, Rexingen and Talheim, the last of which is made up of the formerly independent parishes of Obertalheim and Untertalheim. These are referred to formally (for example, in postal purposes) as Horb-Ahldorf, Horb-Altheim, etc.
- Encyclopedia of Jewish Life (2001), pp. 525-526: "Horb".
- JewishGen GerSIG
- Dokumentation des Nordstetter Judenfriedhofs Manuscripts.
photos. [Feb 2013]
72160 Baden-Württemberg (Gerz, Peters)
DISTRICT: Freudenstadt1. LOCATION OF CEMETERY: Horb (Brandsteigweg). (Detail top right).
IN USE: From 1901 until 1939 and again in 1952.
NUMBER OF GRAVESTONES: 75
DOCUMENTATION:
- 1990 photographs of all gravestones with cemetery layout by Zentralarchiv.
- 1996 full cemetery documentation including all gravestone photographs by the State Office for Historic Monuments (Landesdenkmalamt, ed: Michal Antmann).
- Full cemetery documentation by Horb. (Editors Manfred Steck und Dr. Frowald Gil Hüttenmeister) [in preparation].
- 1965 photographs of cemetery; Donors: Photo Keidel-Daiker (p); 2 items; Location at LBI : Horb; Jewish community collection, Storage-Location: A 21/7; Accession Number(s): AR 3035.
- Numerous photographs of gravestones and general cemetery views in Alemannia Judaica.
- Photographic overview of cemetery by Württemberg 1932, page 85.
- Schattenrisse. Eine Annäherung an die Geschichte der jüdische Gemeinde von Horb am Neckar 2000 - published by Martin-Gerbert-Gymnasium Horn / Otto-Hahn-Gymnasium Nagold. This book contains a complete history of this Jewish cemetery, including copies of Hebrew gravestones inscriptions with corresponding translations.
- During the 17th/18th century the Horb Jewish community used the cemetery in Mühringen for burials (Hahn 1988, page 181 also Silberstein 1875).
- A stone was erected in the cemetery grounds late autumn 1999, commemorating the history of the Jewish community of Horb.
2. LOCATION OF CEMETERY: HORB-Dettensee (Brandweg). (Detail)
IN USE: From 1830 until 1934.
NUMBER OF GRAVESTONES: 159.
DOCUMENTATION:
- Institute for the History of German Jewry Hamburg (124 photographs recorded 1944).
- 1990 photographs of all gravestones with cemetery layout by Zentralarchiv.
- 1996 full cemetery documentation with these photographs by the State Office for Historic Monuments (Landesdenkmalamt ed: Michal Antmann).
- Jewish History in Dettensee by City of Dettensee home page.
- Numerous photographs of gravestones and general cemetery views in Alemannia Judaica.
- Photographic overall view of cemetery in Theobald 1984, page 92.
- Prior to 1830 the Dettensee Jewish community used the cemetery in Mühringen for burials (Sauer 1966, page 67).
- In 1909, when the local Jewish community ceased to exist, Hermann Hirsch arranged for the remainder of the community’s funds to be spent on building a solid wall around the cemetery.
- At the end of 1929, the last remaining male member of the erstwhile Jewish community attended the court in Haigerloch to hand over the remaining real estate and cash to the Mayor of Dettensee on the agreed condition that the community of Dettensee would maintain and protect the Dettensee Jewish cemetery in perpetuity. The Council of Jewish Communities in Württemberg agreed to accept this responsibility at the request of the Prussian Association of Jewish Communities (Dettensee belonged to Hohenzollern at that time). This responsibility included an annual inspection of the cemetery by the Stuttgart Jewish cemetery authority comprising not only maintenance of the wall in good condition and keeping the cemetery paths clean, but also ensuring that damaged or toppled gravestones were repaired and re-erected.
3. LOCATION OF CEMETERY: HORB-Mühlen (Egelstaler Weg).
IN USE: From 1800 until 1934.
NUMBER OF GRAVESTONES: 154.
DOCUMENTATION:
- 1990 photographs of all gravestones with cemetery layout by Zentralarchiv.
- 1996 full cemetery documentation with these photographs by the State Office for Historic Monuments (Landesdenkmalamt ed: Michal Antmann).
- Complete cemetery documentation since 2000 by Horb (ed: Ulrike Sill) [work in progress].
- Numerous photographs of gravestones and general cemetery views in Alemannia Judaica.
- Photographic overall view of cemetery by Württemberg 1932, page 103.
- Prior to having their own cemetery, the Jewish community in Mühlen used the cemetery in Mühringen for burials. Their own cemetery was dedicated in 1800 at the Egelstaler Weg.
- Cemetery desecration during the Nazi era led to ten to fifteen gravestones from the most recent section of the cemetery being taken away (1966 full cemetery documentation).
4. LOCATION OF CEMETERY: HORB-Mühringen – in the wooded area to the north of the village (Flur Totenhau). (Detail).
IN USE: Probably from the middle of 16th century. In 1875 the then oldest gravestone was dated (Silberstein 1875).
NUMBER OF GRAVESTONES: 828.
DOCUMENTATION:
- 1990 photographs of all gravestones with cemetery layout by Zentralarchiv.
- 1997 full cemetery documentation (preliminary edition) with these photographs by the State Office for Historic Monuments (Landesdenkmalamt ed: Nils-Christian Engel).
- 2003 publication by Horb (ed: Nils-Christian Engel and Dr. Frowald Gil Hüttenmeister) of full cemetery documentation including comprehensive description of the history of the Jewish community on basis of above 1997 preliminary report, and with the addition of only partially published digital photographs.
- Numerous photographs of gravestones and general cemetery views in Alemannia Judaica.
- History by Silberstein 1875.
- Photographic overall cemetery view by Württemberg 1932, page 104.
- Photographic overall cemetery view by Theobald 1984, page 97.
- History by Mühringen 1986, page 135.
- History by Schlatter 1971/74.
- Complete documentation in Mühringen 2003, pages 225-418.
- Gräber im Wald. Lebensspuren auf dem jüdischen Friedhof in Mühringen. A documentation of the cemetery and the history of the 300 year old Jewish community and the Rabbinate in Mühringen, pub. Horb City Archives (Stadtarchiv Horb) and the Träger- und Förderverein Ehemalige Synagoge Rexingen (Jewish cemeteries of the City of Horb volume II) Horb 2003.
- A cemetery was established in the wooded area to the north of the village as early as during the middle of the 16th century. In the middle of the 17th century this cemetery became a cemetery for the local area, serving also the Jewish communities of Mühringen, Horb, Haigerloch, Rexingen, Hemmendorf and Poltringen.
5. LOCATION OF CEMETERY: HORB-Nordstetten from Nordstetten on a hill in the direction of Dettensee (Detail – bottom right).
- Cemetery not easily found. Walter Felscher, W.F., Alte Steige 10, 72108 Rottenburg, Germany; Telephone 0 7472 6874 or 0 7071 2976769 (from outside of Germany, replace the leading "0" by "49") This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. can provide information how to find the cemetery. Alternatively also from the Burgermeisteramt, Postfach 12 60, 72152 Horb am Neckar.
NUMBER OF GRAVESTONES: 299.
DOCUMENTATION:
- 1983-1984 by Reinhold Mayer by order of Horb (copies of all gravestone inscriptions with translations).
- 1990 photographs of all gravestones with cemetery layout by Zentralarchiv.
- Numerous photographs of gravestones and general cemetery views in Alemannia Judaica.
- One general photograph of cemetery, one photograph of a group of gravestones and one photograph of a single gravestone in Württemberg 1932, pages 110 and 111.
- General photograph of cemetery in Theobald 1984, page 97.
- Gravestone inscriptions and translations in Mayer 1985
- Prior to having their own cemetry the Jewsih community in Nordstetten used the cemetery in Mühringen for burials (Sauer 1966, page 136).
- The cemetery is fenced in but the gate is unlocked. About 100 gravestones are visible, many partially sunk into the ground. No burials have taken place for decades and the cemetery looks neglected.
- About 60 out of 300 graves are for members of the Rothschild family.
- The cemetery holds the grave of the author Berthold Auerbach. In front of the cemetery entrance is a mound of earth and a commemorative stone with an urn, containing the remains of seven members of the Auerbach family who lost their lives in a fire.
6. LOCATION OF CEMETERY: Horb-Rexingen (Betwen Kapf- und Kirchstrasse) (Detail).
IN USE: From : 1760 until 1942 and from time to time after 1945. Oldest dated gravestone 1765.
NUMBER OF GRAVESTONES: 936.
DOCUMENTATION:
- 1990 photographs of all gravestones with cemetery layout by Zentralarchiv.
- 1993-1996 photographs of all gravestones with copies of inscriptions and translations, also cemetery layout by Horb.
- Numerous photographs of gravestones and general cemetery views in Alemannia Judaica.
- History by Spatz 1924.
- One overall photographic cemetery view and one photograph of a group of graves by Württemberg 1932, page 117.
- Overall photographic cemetery view in Theobald 1984, page. 99.
- Complete cemetery documentation in Rexingen 1996.
- Complete cemetery documentation with photographs of selected gravestones in Rexingen 1997.
- Burial register (on the homepage of the Zentralarchiv since 1997).
- The first 16th century cemetery was abandoned following a flood. During the 17th and 18th century the cemetery in Mühringen was used for burials (see Silberstein 1875, Spatz 1924 and Hahn 1988, page 190).
- There are two commemorative stones in this cemetery. One is in honour of the Rexingen Jewish soldiers who fell during WWI and a second, erected in 1947, in memory of the victims of the Nazi persecution between 1933 and 1945.
SOURCES: University of Heidelberg and Alemannia Judaica.
[Researched and translated from German April 2008]
To see information and photographs of individual gravestones in cemeteries in Baden-Wuerttemberg, click on this link and follow the directions on that page.