Sources & General Interest Publications

Sources & General Interest Publications

GERMAN MATERIALS maintained and updated by H Peter Sinclair, Fritz Neubauer, Eva Radding, Jason Hallgarten and Peter Strauss; (originally assembled by Arline Sachs and proof-read/edited by Carol Levy Monahan) for the IAJGS International Jewish Cemetery Project.  A large number of the cemetery websites were found and contributed by Naomi Teveth.  Please send any content comments to the coordinator, and any technical comments to the webmaster.

Names of states are in German and English, thus: BADEN-WÜRTTEMBERG (BADEN-WUERTTEMBERG); BAYERN (BAVARIA); MECKLENBURG-VORPOMMERN (MECKLENBURG - W. POMERANIA), etc.

NOTES ON SOURCES:
1. 2146 Steine: Mahnmal gegen Rassismus Saarbrücken, by Jochen Gerz, is the source of information for many of the cemeteries listed in these pages. In 1990 Gerz, a conceptual artist, invited all 66 Jewish communities in West and East Germany to submit a list of their cemeteries. Mr. Gerz and a team of eight students from Hochschule der Bildenden Künste Saar inscribed the name of each Jewish cemetery that was in use before the Nazi takeover onto a cobblestone. Without permission and at night, they removed cobblestones from the Saarbrücken Schlossplatz (the large area in front of the castle in Saarbrücken) and replaced them with the prepared stones, with the inscribed side facing down. The project was eventually officially recognized by the provincial parliament. As the list of cemetery names grew more stones were replaced; by April 1993 there were 2,146 inscribed stones. The Schlossplatz was renamed 'Platz des unsichtbaren Mahnmals' (Square of the Invisible Memorial). More information about the installation, including a list of the 2,146 cemeteries, can be found in the book 2146 Steine: Mahnmal gegen Rassismus Saarbrücken, published in 1993 by Verlag Gerd Hatje, Stuttgart, Germany. Cemeteries listed in the book are indicated by (Gerz). In some cases the list does not conform with other sources of information, i.e. some places do not and/or have never existed, and some that are verified by other sources do not appear in the book.

2.  Dieter Peters kindly provided a list of Jewish cemeteries, including postcodes, in 2007. All postcodes were updated based on this copyright-protected list. When Mr. Peters' list is the source of information about a cemetery, the source is given as (Peters).
When both Gerz and Peters are sources, the source is given as (Gerz, Peters).

3.  Leo Baeck Institute, New York = LBI (See list of resources and specific references in Overview)

4.  Deutsche Nationalbibliothek, Frankfurt/Main and Leipzig = DNB

 

 

Additionally, much information about specific cemeteries comes from
I.
http://www.uni-heidelberg.de/institute/sonst/aj/FRIEDHOF/ALLGEM/index.html.
Zentralarchiv zur Erforschung der Geschichte der Juden in Deutschland: Sammlungen: Friedhofsdokumentation
JÜDISCHE FRIEDHÖFE IN DEUTSCHLAND
Übersicht über alle jüdischen Friedhöfe auf dem Gebiet der Bundesrepublik Deutschland unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Inschriftendokumentation.
Bundesländer
Baden-Württemberg
Bremen
Niedersachsen
Nordrhein-Westfalen
Rheinland-Pfalz
Die Übersicht für die jüdischen Friedhöfe in den anderen Bundesländern wird noch bearbeitet

Translation:
Central archives for the study of the history of German Jewry: Collection: Cemetery Documentation
JEWISH CEMETERIES IN GERMANY.
Survey covering all Jewish cemeteries in the Republic of Germany, with special consideration to documented inscriptions
In the States of:
Baden-Wuerttemberg
Bremen
Lower Saxony
North-Rhine-Westfalia
Rhineland-Palatine
The survey of Jewish cemeteries in the other States of Germany is still in preparation
Published under the auspices of Heidelberg University, D-69117 Heidelberg, Bienenstraße 5
This source is indicated by (Zentralarchiv)

II.
Alemannia Judaica
Arbeitsgemeinschaft für die Erforschung der Geschichte der Juden im süddeutschen und angrenzenden Raum (Baden-Württemberg, Elsass, Schweiz, Vorarlberg, Bayrisch-Schwaben)
http://www.alemannia-judaica.de/juedische_friedhoefe.htm
Jüdische Friedhöfe in der Region
Cimetières juifs dans la règion
Übersicht/Aperçu:
1. Jüdische Friedhöfe im Bereich von "Alemannia Judaica":
Baden-Württemberg gegliedert in Baden und Württemberg und Hohenzollern dazu KZ-Friedhöfe
Bayern: Bayrisch Schwaben
Elsass/Frankreich gegliedert in Bas Rhin und Haut Rhin
Vorarlberg/Österreich
Schweiz
2. Jüdische Friedhofe in ganz Deutschland, Schweiz und Österreich:
a) Deutschland Bayern - Zur Übersicht: "Jüdische Friedhöfe in Bayern"
Berlin
Brandenburg - Zur Übersicht: "Jüdische Friedhöfe in Brandenburg"
Bremen
Hamburg
Hessen - Zur Übersicht: "Jüdische Friedhöfe in Hessen"
Mecklenburg-Vorpommern - Zur Übersicht: "Jüdische Friedhöfe in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern"
Niedersachsen Eigene Seiten werden erstellt zu
Friedhöfen im Oldenburger Land und in Ostfriesland
Nordrhein-Westfalen
Rheinland-Pfalz - Zur Übersicht: "Jüdische Friedhöfe in Rheinland-Pfalz"
Saarland - Zur Übersicht: "Jüdische Friedhöfe im Saarland"
Sachsen - Zur Übersicht: "Jüdische Friedhöfe in Sachsen"
Sachsen-Anhalt - Zur Übersicht: "Jüdische Friedhöfe in
Sachsen-Anhalt"
Schleswig-Holstein - Zur Übersicht: "Jüdische Friedhöfe in
Schlesweg-Holstein"
Thüringen - Zur Übersicht: "Jüdische Friedhöfe in Thüringen"
der Geschichte der Juden in Deutschland (Heidelberg)
b) Österreich Vorarlberg/Österreich
c) Schweiz Schweiz
3. Europa Weitere jüdische Friedhöfe in Europa

Translation
Working group for Jewish History in South-East Germany and bordering areas (Baden-Wuertemberg, Alsace, Switzerland, Vorarlberg (Austria) and Bavarian-Swabia
http://www.alemannia-judaica.de/juedische_friedhoefe.htm
Jewish Cemeteries in the Region
SUMMARY:
1. Jewish Cemeteries covered by "Alemannia Judaica":
Baden-Wuerttemberg split between Baden and Wuerttemberg/Hohenzollern including concentration camp cemeteries
Bavaria: Bavarian Swabia
Alsace/France split between Bas Rhine and Haut Rhine
Voralberg/Austria
Switzerland

2. Jewish Cemeteries throughout Germany, Switzerland and Austria
a) Germany
Bavaria - table:"Jewish Cemeteries in Bavaria"
Berlin (external link to berlin-juedisch.de)
Brandenburg - table:"Jewish Cemeteries in Brandenburg
Bremen (external link*)
Hamburg (external link: information page by Albrecht Schreiber Die jüdischen Friedhöfe in Hamburg
Hesse - table :"Jewish Cemeteries in Hessea"
Mecklenburg-Vorpommern - table: :"Jewish Cemeteries in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern"
Lower Saxony independent pages under construction for Cemeteries in the Oldenburger Country and East Friesia
Northrhine-Westphalia
Rhine-Palatinate - table: "Jewish Cemeteries in Rhine-Palatinate"
Saarland - table: "Jewish Cemeteries in Saarland"
Saxony - table: "Jewish Cemeteries in Saxony"
Sachsen-Anhalt - table: "Jewish Cemeteries in Sachen-Anhalt"
Schleswig-Holstein - table: "Jewish Cemeteries in Schleswig-Holstein"
Thuringia - table: "Jewish Cemeteries in Thuringia"
Links to "Zentralarchiv zur Erforschung der Geschichte der Juden in Deutschland (Heidelberg)"
b) Austria
Hohenems
Innsbruck (old and new cemeteries)
c) Switzerland - various locations

3. Europe - other Jewish Cemeteries

III. Spurensuche - Jüdische Friedhöfe in Deutschland publ.Univerität Ulm, Zentrum für allgemaine wissenschaftliche Weiterbildung

REMINDER: These are lists of inventories and lists of sources. Publications: Titles come first; then name[s] of author[s]. Entries come from various sources and contributors. They are alphabetized for electronic searches. There are inconsistencies, including some that are deliberate; thus Thuringia and/or Thueringen.
The publishers of this website are providing information and quoting sources in good faith, but are not responsible for errors and omissions.

NUMBERS
* Some localities have a number in parentheses; it indicates the ZIP code. [Postleitzahl is five digits after unification]. Others have square meters showing the size of the cemetery, and others have the number of graves known in the cemetery. Still others have a number within brackets, indicating availability of burial list, as described above.
* Read the headings to identify the meaning of the numbers. Numbers at the end, usually beginning with DS 135, are Library of Congress Call Numbers. ISBN is an Identification number for books.

UMLAUT: Ä=Ae, ae, Ö=Oe, oe, Ü=Ue, ue, ß [eszet] = ss. Again, keep this in mind when searching. German words: Here is a very short and incomplete list of words often encountered in this file:
Bestandsaufnahme = inventory
Friedhof [singular], Friedhoefe [pl.] = cemetery.
Gedaechtnis/staette = Memorial/place
Geschichte = History
Grab/Graeber = grave/s [plot/s]
juedisch/e/en/es = Jewish
Erinnerung/en = recollection/s or memories
Spur/en = trace/s
Zeugniss/e = evidence, usually document/s
Zeuge/n = witness/es

Leo Baeck Institute - http://www.lbi.org/index.html:
Leo Baeck Institute materials donated by: H. Jacobson, 1969: Finding Aids: 39-page inventory; Period covered (or date of publication): 1660-1958; Size of the collection: 18 feet 37 reels. Location at LBI: Jacob Jacobson collection; Storage-Location: V 8/1-8, 2nd floor left microfilm cabinet Accession Number(s): AR 7002, MF 134(2), MF 447, 1-37.
LBI: Berthold Rosenthal collection; Storage-Location: V 9/7-8, 2nd floor left microfilm cabinet; in German, English, Hebrew; Donor: Johanna Rosenthal, 1959; Finding Aids: 23-page inventory., index of names by town from Baden Namensgebungsver-zeichnis, section II.2.; Accession Number(s): AR 638-694, AR 807, AR 3067, MF 187(1), MF 214(1)

Zentralarchiv zur Erforschung der Geschichte der Juden in Deutschland. Bienenstr. 5, D-69117 Heidelberg, Tel. 06221 / 164-141, director: Dr. Peter Honigmann: The Central Archives for Research on the History of the Jews in Germany was founded in 1987 as an establishment of the Central Council of Jews in Germany (Zentralrat der Juden in Deutschland). The conception of the Central Archives can be compared with that of the former General Archives of the German Jews (Gesamtarchiv der deutschen Juden) located in Berlin 1905- 1939. See the website www.uni-heidelberg.de/institute/sonst/aj for more details. Permission was given to Arline Sachs to use some of the web data in this project.

OVERVIEW:
Of an estimated 600,000 gravestone inscriptions in about 2000 Jewish cemeteries in Germany, approximately 120,000 have been documented (i.e. photographed and/or transcribed), including 54,000 in Baden-Wuerttemberg, 20,000 in Hamburg, 15,000 in Hessen and 10,000 in Niedersachsen. As the references show, numerous books about individual cemeteries have been published. Some are the work of local amateurs (often with inadequate knowledge of Hebrew). Others originated as term papers or theses by high school or university students. Jewish or non-Jewish specialists, often financed by the local authorities, wrote several of the books. In a few states, studies of a more systematic and academic nature are being undertaken. The largest collection of photographs (from Baden-Wuerttemberg, Hessen and Niedersachsen) is kept at the Jewish central archive in Heidelberg, which was established in 1987 (and is not the same as the College of Jewish Studies, also in Heidelberg):

 

Honigmann, Peter: Dokumentation juedischer Grabinschriften in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland;. In: Aschkenas 3 (1993), pp. 267-273 past/present cemetery projects.

General publications of very wide coverage.

Ein Verzeichnis von 2146 juedischen Friedhoefen Deutschlands: Jochen Gerz, 2146 Steine. Unsichtbares Mahnmal Saarbruecken, Hatje- Verlag Stuttgart 1994; Source: Professor Dr. Michael Brocke, Freie Universitat Berlin, Fachbereich, Philosophie und Sozialwissenschaften II, Insitute fuer Judaistik (WE 1), Schwendenerstr. 27, 14195 Berlin
Gedenkbuch, 1933-45, by the German Federal Archives in Koblenz, a two-volume compilation of all German Jewish victims of the Nazis. It shows data of birth, last town where resided, and date of death or disappearance. A new edition is in preparation as of 1995. Since most of the victims are not in cemeteries, the book will have to serve. Details follow:
Gedenkbuch: Opfer der Verfolgung der Juden unter der nationalsozialistischen Gewaltherrschaft in Deutschland, 1933-1945. [Victims of the Persecution of the Jews under the Nazi Dictatorship in Germany]. Prepared by the Bundesarchiv, Koblenz, and International Tracing Service, Arolsen. Includes bibliographic references and index, but covers only WEST Germany. Two volumes, xvi + 1823 pages. 1986 edition. Juedische Friedhoefe in Deutschland: eine Bestandsaufnahme, Adolf Diamant, Frankfurt am Main: A. Diamant, 1982. Funeral rites and ceremonies, Directories. Geschaendete juedische Friedhoefe in Deutschland 1945-1980, by Adolf Diamant [Vandalized J. Cemetery In Germany]. Frankfurt/M.: A. Diamant 1982, 37 pp. [supplement to above, sometimes catalogued as vol. 2]
Auswah LBI biliographie zur Juedischen Familienforschung vom Anfang des 18. Jahrhunderts bis zur Gegenwart by Angelika G. Ellmann-- Krueger. Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz Verlag, 1992. About 2600 genealogical citations, not necessarily cemeteries. 200 pp.

Leo Baeck Institute: http://www.lbi.org/index.html. Annual Year Books, since 1956, include a meticulous bibliography of all books and articles dealing with German Jews, published during the preceding year. References to cemeteries may be extracted from the section "Communal & Regional History." Source: George Arnstein, 2510 Virginia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20037 E-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Article on cemeteries in northern Germany; Addenda: Xeroxed catalogue of exhibit in Siegburg with photographs of Jewish Cemetery; Addenda: Original catalogue of exhibit: "Nichts mehr zu sagen und nichts zu beweinen...Ein juedischer Friedhof in Deutschland" (by Christian Reuther and Michael Schneeberger, 1993; Languages: German; Donors: Goethe Haus New York, 1993, Walter H. Oettinger, 1994. Period covered (or date of publication): 1993. Location at Leo Baeck Institute: http://www.lbi.org/index.html: Cemeteries, Jewish collection; Storage-Location: Second floor; Accession Number(s): AR 5243.
Records of Jewish communities in Central Europe, including memorial books, cemetery lists from Allersheim, Altstrelitz, Arnswalde, Aurich, Bleicherode, Breslau, Danzig, Dresden, Duesseldorf, Dyhernfurth, Flatow, Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt an der Oder, Fuerth, Gnesen Goch, the Hague, Haigerloch, Halberstadt, Halle an der Saale, Hanover, Harburg, Hechingen, Hoerstein, Huerben, Jastrow, Karge, Koenigsberg, Koeslin, Krotoschin, Kurhessen, Kurmark, Landsberg an der Warthe, Lippe-Detmold, Lubacz, Maerkisch-Friedland, Marburg, Meseritz, Moenchengladbach, Nackel, Neumark, Oberlangenstadt, Oberseemen, Pomerania, Posen Province, Potsdam, Prague, Prenzlau, Ravensburg, Reichensachsen, Rimpar, Sachsen-Meiningen, Sandersleben, Schermeisel, Schildberg-Bunzlau, Schleswig-Holstein, Schottland, Schwerin an der Warthe, Solm-Braunfels, Spangenberg, Tuetz, Unruhstadt, Wallerstein, Westphalia, West Prussia, Wolfenbuettel, Zuellichau, and Zwesten; Source: Leo Baeck Institute: http://www.lbi.org/index.html
Cemetery lists and copies of Memorbuecher of the Jewish communities of Altdorf, Bad-Durkheim, Baden, Baden-Baden, Durlach, Beisheim, Bergen, Bieskastel, B"digheim, Buchen, Epstein, Gruenstadt, Hanau-Lichtenberg, Hembsbach, Hessen, Hochberg, Krautheim, Kuppenheim, Landau, Leiningen, Leutershausen, Limpertheim, Lorsch, Mannheim, Markelfingen, Meckesheim, Neckarbischofsheim, Obergrombach, Palatinate, Speyer, Wertheim, and Worms from the seventeenth through the nineteenth century. Source: LBI Gedenkbuch for WWI, with all the names and cities which I listed, since no such index provided. Unfortunately not computerized but "handwritten", it encompasses 1723 towns/cities. Source: Herbert Unger [died 1994], 1501 Cayman Way #F2, Coconut Creek, FL 33066.
Gedenkbuch, WWI: Die juedischen Gefallenen ...1914-1918, Ein Gedenkbuch; by the Reichsbund juedischer Frontsoldaten, 1932. Counts some 100,000 Jews who served in the German armed forces in WWI, and lists by name 10,275 who died. Two specialized rosters for WWI: "Juedische Flieger [pilots] im Weltkrieg" by Felix Theilhaber. Berlin: Der Schild, 1932.
Juedische Frontsoldaten aus Wuerttemberg und Hohenzollern by the Centralverein deutscher Staatsbuerger juedischen Glaubens. Stuttgart: 1926.
LBI: EAST GERMANY [former GDR]: BRANDENBURG, BERLIN, MECKLENBURG - VORPOMMERN, SAXONY, SACHSEN - ANHALT, THURINGIA, Sources at LBI
Zeugnisse juedischer Kultur; Erinnerungsstaetten in Mecklenburg - Vorpommern, Brandenburg, Berlin, Sachsen - Anhalt, Sachsen und Thueringen by Klaus Arlt et al. Berlin: Tourist Verlag 1982, ISBN 3-350-00780-5, 316 pp. (culture and some burial sites) Bildautoren: Constantin Beyer et al. Berlin, Tourist, c1992] 315 p. illus. (part col.) facsims., plans, ports. 28 cm. ID# q DS 135 G3 Z48
125 [I. E. Hundertfuenfundzwanzig] Friedhofsschaendungen in Deutschland 1923-1932; dokumente der politischen und 1932a Kulturellen verwilderung unserer zeit/ Centralverein Deutscher Staatsbuerger Juedischen Glaubens (1893-1938), Berlin6 Aufl. Berlin: 1932. 32 p. illus. 15 x 21 cm. Cover title. ID # DS 135 G33 C44 and on microfilm 16mm. MfW X38
Der juedische Friedhof; seine geschichtliche und Kulturgeschichtliche entwicklung; mit besonderer Beruecksichtigung der aesthetischen Gestaltung Frankfurt a. (von Gustav Cohn) M. Franzmathes, 1930. 51p. illus., plates. 22cm. ID# BM 645 B8 C6
ü Geschaendete juedische Friedhoffe in Deutschland 1945-1980 anlage zur Dokumentation: juedische Friedhoffe in Deutschland - eine Bestandsaufnahme Frankfurt am Main: Adolf Diamant (1924- ), 1982. vii, 37 p. plate. 25 cm. ID # GT 3250 A2 D52
Juedische Friedhoefe in Deutschland - eine Bestandsaufnahme/ Frankfurt am Main: Adolf Diamant (1924- ),1982. xiv, 248 p. (incl. 8 l. of illus.) 27 cm. "Geschaendete juedische Friedhoefe in den Jahren 1923-1932; ... in den Jahren 1945-1980": p. 203-207. Bibliography: p. 229-230. ID # GT 3250 A2 D5
Portugiesengraeber auf Deutscher Erde; Beitraege zur kultur-und Kunstgeschichte/ [von] Max Grunwald 1871-1953. Hamburg: A. Janssen, 1902. 160p. illus. 23cm. Freimann, p. 271. Bibliographical footnotes. ID # DS 135 P7 G7
Zentralarchiv zur Erforschung der Geschichte der Juden in Deutschland/ Preuss, Monika ed Juedische Friedhoefe in der DDR Sammlung Ruthenberg/Schulengurg (1987-1991) B, 3/20./ Bearbeiterin: Monika Preuss. Heidelberg, 1991. 92 l. 30 cm. Typescript. Ref ID # GT 3250 A2 Z4

BIBLIOGRAPHIES

Aschkenas (in German, published annually since 1991 by Boehlau Verlag in Vienna, Cologne & Weimar): The journal, now semiannual, contains brief reviews of many books on Jews in Germany, incl. local & regional history and some reports on cemetery projects.
Bibliography of German-Jewish Towns and Cities; by Peter Lande. In: Stammbaum 1.2 (1993), pp. 16-20 and 1.3 (1993), pp. 19-22 [with Library of Congress call numbers]